Analyze an interveiew for a communication class Essay

Analyze an interveiew for a communication class - Essay Example The interview occurred in New York with a focus on the basic questions. The question included Billy Gate’s personal wealth as a centre of attraction embedded to disapprove common myths. The big question during the introductory part included Billy Gate’s charitable effect. Jorge Ramos inquired the reasons behind Billy’s Gates will to offer support to the poor. The immediate response from the world’s billionaire triggered a diversion in the interview to personal concern over the accumulated wealth. Billy Gates stated over F billon as a personal wealth. He also elaborated donations accounted in the health, education and other anti-poverty schemes. According to Billy Gates, wealth is a common talk and everyday conversations. He states â€Å"but the money belongs to society, and we will try to invest in breakthroughs and programs that really help the world.† The interview entailed open question at this juncture depicting a far stretched interrogation. Jorge Ramos uses different aspects of an interview to obtain personal views of Billy Gates, who is the interviewee. This approach serves to effectively address other relevant aspects of interviewing for critical discussions. The nature of open questions used shows that Jorge Ramos researched greatly on Billy Gates. The question on Billy Gates personal wealth justifies the extent of acquired information before the interview. A personal experience with such circumstance included a job interview at a prestigious mall. The interviewer asked questions in a manner suggesting the use of background information. The interview with Billy Gates elaborated different myths perceived by people around the world. Jorge Ramos used different techniques to acquire information from Billy Gates. Ramos employed informal approaches during the interview. Ramos says, â€Å"is your plan to give almost everything?† to evoke a clear response from Billy Gates and

Basic Plan for Literacy Activities Essay Example for Free

Basic Plan for Literacy Activities Essay The literacy plan is set to teach 5th grader students that need special education. This is primarily a plan for one week lesson in a classroom. The strategy of teaching is mainly composed of Activity (A), Discussion (D), Incorporation (I), Deepening (D), and Synthesis (S) or simply ADIDS. The literacy program or technique will basically start with an activity which will stimulate the senses and awareness of the students with the topic or lesson. The students will be group into teams and compete. This should be a fun game which also details the purpose of the subject. Example is the game â€Å"Pass the Message† which details the subject like Mathematics or basic knowledge on Science and Technology in connection to the topic to be discussed. The next step is to have a brief discussion and introduction to the topic by relating the activity to the subject to be discussed. For the given example above, the importance of knowledge in the basic operations in our daily life and some basic knowledge in Science and Technology should be included with the introduction of the subject to the students. This will primarily enhance and stimulate their awareness with the importance of the course to their daily lives and encourage them to listen and participate with the discussion that was prepared. Next would be the incorporation of the knowledge to be discussed. This will include the teaching of the main subject and the basic operations, providing some examples and analysis of the subject. The next step would be the deepening part which will include some tests that will help the students to practice the knowledge that they have learned in the discussion. This will provide them the skills and help them to retain the knowledge in their minds through deep analysis and understandings. The last process would be the synthesis which will include the familiarization of the processes involve by providing some assignments and brief review of the subject matters that are discussed in the classroom. This would definitely enhance their capacity to develop new techniques and individual skills that will make them be more comprehensive and equipped with the lesson that they have learned in the classroom.

Pillars of Metaphorical Ambiguity in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarl

Pillars of Metaphorical Ambiguity in The Scarlet Letter Among the multiplicity of arcane elements hidden beneath the words in Hawthorne's "The Scarlet Letter", none is so apparent, yet strikingly subtle to the reader's perception and consumption of characterization than the allegorical play on words within the names of the characters.   Both the protagonist and her rival within the plot are blessed with conveniently appropriate, fitting names.   The four pillars supporting this novel are all cloaked with foreshadowing names, which silently clue the reader into what traits and significance the character holds as the story unfolds.   These pillars that solidify the novel are Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Pearl.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first, possibly strongest column supporting the evolution of themes in the novel is Hester Prynne.   Hester is the young woman who is abandoned by her older, disfigured husband, and falls in love with a young, passionately God-fearing man who subsequently conceives a child, thus revealing her "adultery" and is punished by the Puritan society that he represents.   She is instructed to wear a red letter, hence the title of the book.   Through her punishment, she acquires and applies several motifs that the novel boasts, the most powerful one being represented perpetually throughout the story,   sin.   Apparently, in efforts to stress her significance and origin of decisions in the story, Hawthorne skillfully gave this woman whom the story revolves around the name of Hester Prynne, comfortably in sync with the word she is faced with constantly: sin.   Her last name, rhyming with the word is no mistake, and though subtle in its existence, is ingenious in its implication, and an almo... ...r Dimmesdale divulges the less than resplendent qualities the young minister displayed in his lack of resolve and spirit.   Finally, Pearl implies the costly, lamentable result of a debacle that was ironically conceived from affection and tender ardor. The intricate constituents of this endless metaphor of a novel would vaporize without concrete, stationary components that solidify the plot and stimulate its growth, each reactive and influential upon the other.   Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† would crumble into an insipid, low faceted pile of a couple plot twists, monotonous characters, juvenile prose, and a stack of aged papers from Hawthorne’s basement that would have never reached the new millennia without those four pillars of metaphorical ambiguity.   Work Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. Ed. Brian Harding. Oxford: Oxford 1990.

Aditya Birla Retail Ltd – Introduction of de Study

CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY Retailing in India is receiving global recognition and attention and this emerging market is witnessing a significant change in its growth and investment pattern. It is not just the global players like Wal-Mart, Tesco and Metro group are eying to capture a pie of this market but also the domestic corporate behemoths like Reliance, K K Modi , Aditya Birla group, and Bharti group too are at some stage of retail development. Reliance, announced that it will invest $3. 4 billion to become the country's largest modern retailer by establishing a chain of 1,575 stores by March 2007. The last couple of years have been rosy for real estate developers and the retailers are finding suitable retail space in prominent locations. The industry is buoyant about growth and the early starters are in expansion mood. There is increased sophistication in the shopping pattern of consumers, which has resulted in big retail chains coming up in most metros; mini metros and towns being the next target. Consumer taste and preferences are changing leading to radical alteration in lifestyles and spending patterns which in turn is giving rise to new business opportunities. Companies need to be dynamic and proactive while responding to the ever-changing trends in consumer lifestyle and behavior. Retailing consists of the sale of goods or merchandise from a fixed location, such as a department store, or by post, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser. Retailing may include subordinated services, such as delivery. Purchasers may be individuals or businesses. In commerce, a â€Å"retailer† buys goods or products in large quantities from manufacturers or importers, either directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells smaller quantities to the end-user. Retail establishments are often called shops or stores. Retailers are at the end of the supply chain. Manufacturing marketers see the process of retailing as a necessary part of their overall distribution strategy. The term â€Å"retailer† is also applied where a service provider services the needs of a large number of individuals, such as a public utility, like electric power. Shops may be on residential streets, shopping streets with few or no houses or in a shopping mall. Shopping streets may be for pedestrians only. Sometimes a shopping street has a partial or full roof to protect customers from precipitation. Online retailing, a type of electronic commerce used for business to consumer (B2C) transactions and mail order are forms of non shop retailing. Shopping generally refers to the act of buying products. Sometimes this is done to obtain necessities such as food and clothing; sometimes it is done as a recreational activity. The retail industry in India is currently growing at a great pace and is expected to go up to US$ 833 billion by the year 2013. It is further expected to reach US$ 1. 3 trillion by the year 2018 at a CAGR of 10%. As the country has got a high growth rates, the consumer spending has also gone up and is also expected to go up further in the future. In the last four year, the consumer spending in India climbed up to 75%. As a result, the India retail industry is expected to grow further in the future days. By the year 2013, the organized sector is also expected to grow at a CAGR of 40%. 1. 1 OBJECTIVE OF ORGANISATIONAL STUDY * To understand the role and relevance of retailing for business and economy. * To understand the different departmental functions associated with Aditya Birla Retail Ltd. Understanding the importance of store location for a outlet * To Study the Consumer Behaviour of MORE outlet 1. 2 METHODOLOGY This organization study is the mixture of theoretical as well as practical knowledge. Also it containsideas and information imparted by the guide. The secondary data required for the organization study was collected from various websites and books of reputed authors. The organizatio nal study started with sorting all the raw data and arranging them in perfect order. To add value to the organization study and to understand the practicality of etailing business, I have visited various MORE stores Kerala. 1. 3 LIMITATION * The study was conducted within different outlets of Cochin city, so the findings are restricted to some outlets only. * The method used in this Organization study for collecting the information is very time consuming and slow. * The major limitation was that some of the outlet managers, staff and customers were busy with their work. CHAPTER 2 INDUSTRY PROFILE INDUSTRY PROFILE Retail is not only an important aspect of the economic structure but very much a part of our lives . Although trading of goods have been in existence since the olden days . It is only in the recent past that the buying and selling of goods have become more of format and a brand dominated activity . The traditional form of independently owned businesses co-exist along with the organized retail. Organized retail has emerged in a big way since 2000 onward and with that we are witnessing the emergence of new forms of retailing. Aditya Birla Retail Limited is the retail arm of Aditya Birla Group, a USD 28 billion Corporation. The Company ventured into food and grocery retail sector in 2007 with the acquisition of a south based supermarket chain. Subsequently Aditya Birla Retail Ltd. expanded its presence across the country under the brand â€Å"more. † with 2 formats Supermarket ; Hypermarket. Supermarket Conveniently located in neighbourhoods, more. supermarkets cater to the daily, weekly and monthly shopping needs of consumers. The product offerings include a wide range of fresh fruits ; vegetables, groceries, personal care, home care, general merchandise ; a basic range of apparels. Currently, there are over 600 more. supermarkets across the country. Hypermarket More. MEGASTORE – is a one-stop shopping destination for the entire family. Besides a large range of products across fruits ; vegetables, groceries, FMCG products, more. MEGASTORE also has a strong emphasis on general merchandise, apparels ; CDIT. Currently, nine hypermarkets operate under the brand more. MEGASTORE in Mysore, Vadodara, Aurangabad, Indore, Bengaluru, Mumbai, New Delhi, Hyderabad and Vashi. Aditya Birla Retail Limited. currently has an employee strength of over 11,000. Key functions are headed by professionals with vast retail experience in India ; globally. Quality ; Value through own labels: Aditya Birla Retail Ltd provides customers a wide choice of products under its own labels. The objective is to provide quality products at attractive price points to customers. Since quality of the products is of prime importance, stringent quality norms have been set and are followed. All manufacturing partners are the best in their class. TYPES OF RETAIL FORMAT * Convenience store * Chain of stores * Franchise * Speciality store * Departmental store * Supermarket * Hypermarket * Shopping mall * Shopping plaza * Factory outlet 2. 1 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY Retail is India's largest industry. It accounts for over 10 per cent of the India's GDP and around eight per cent of the employment. Retail sector is one of India's fastest growing sectors with a 5 per cent compounded annual growth rate. India's huge middle class base and its untapped retail industry are key attractions for global retail giants planning to enter newer markets. Driven by changing lifestyles, strong income growth and favorable demographic patterns, Indian retail is expected to grow 25 per cent annually. It is expected that retail in India could be worth US$ 175-200 billion by 2016. The organized retail industry in India had not evolved till the early 1990s. Until then, the industry was dominated by the un-organized sector. It was a sellers market, with a limited number of brands, and little choice available to customers. Lack of trained manpower, tax laws and government regulations all discouraged the growth of organized retailing in India during that period. Lack of consumer awareness and restrictions over entry of foreign players into the sector also contributed to the delay in the growth of organized retailing. Foundation for organized retail in India was laid by Kishore Biyani of Pantaloon Retails India Limited (PRIL). Following Pantaloon's successful venture a host of Indian business giants such as Reliance, Bharti, Birla and others are now entering into retail sector. Retailing is the most active and attractive sector of last decade. While the retailing industry itself has been present since ages in our country, it is only the recent past that it has witnessed so much dynamism. The emergence of retailing in India has more to do with the increased purchasing power of buyers, especially post-liberalization, increase in product variety, and increase in economies of scale, with the aid of modern supply and distributions solution. Indian retailing today is at an interesting crossroads. The retail sales are at the highest point in history and new technologies are improving retail productivity. though there are many opportunities to start a new retail business, retailers are facing numerous challenges. A number of factors are driving India's retail market. These include: increase in the young working population, hefty pay-packets, nuclear families in urban areas, increasing working-women population, increase in disposable income and customer aspiration, increase in expenditure for luxury items, and low share of organized retailing. India's retail boom is manifested in sprawling shopping centers, multiplex- malls and huge complexes that offer shopping, entertainment and food all under one roof. But there is a flip side to the boom in the retail sector. It is feared that the entry of global business giants into organized retail would make redundant the neighbourhood kiryana stores resulting in dislocation in traditional economic structure. Also, the growth path for organized retail in India is not hurdle free. The taxation system still favours small retail business. With the intrinsic complexities of retailing such as rapid price changes, constant threat of product obsolescence and low margins there is always a threat that the venture may turn out to be a loss making one. MANAGEMENT TEAM OF ADITYA BIRLA RETAIL LTD * Thomas Varghese, CEO – Aditya Birla Retail Ltd. * Russell Berman, CEO – Hypermarket * Satendra Aggarwal, CEO – Supermarket * Atul Daga, Head Finance * Ramesh Mitragotri, CPO * Manoj Krishnan, CIO * Shiv Murti, Chief Merchandising Officer * T V. Venkataraman, Head – Internal Audit * V. Gopalakrishnan, Head – Quality 2. GROWTH & PRESENT STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY Retailing is emerging as a sunrise industry in India and is presently the largest employer after agriculture. In the year 2004, the size of Indian organized retail industry was Rs 28,000 Crore, which was only 3% of the total retailing market. Retailing in its present form started in the latter half of 20th Century in USA and Europe and today cons titutes 20% of US GDP. It is the 3rd largest employer segment in USA. Organized retailing in India is projected to grow at the rate of 25%-30% p. a. and is estimated to reach an astounding Rs 1,00,000 Crore by 2010. The contribution of organized retail is expected to rise from 3% to 9% by the end of the decade. The projection for the current year ie 2005 is Rs 35,000 Crore. In India it has been found out that the top 6 cities contribute for 66% of total organized retailing. With the metros already been exploited, the focus has now been shifted towards the tier-II cities. The ‘retail boom', 85% of which has so far been concentrated in the metros is beginning to percolate down to these smaller cities and towns. The contribution of these tier-II cities to total organized retailing sales is expected to grow to 20-25%. In the year 2004, Rs 28,000 Crore organized retail industry had Clothing, Textiles & fashion accessories as the highest contributor (39%), where as health & beauty had a contribution of 2%. Food & Grocery contributed to 18% whereas Pharma had a contribution of 2%. Globally, the retail industry has grown at a brisk pace with a Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7. 77% during the period 2001-2006. The growing expanse of the top global retailers has ensured globalization of the industry; however the opportunity for growth of organized retail is immense in countries such as India, S. Korea, and Vietnam etc. where organized retailing is still at an ascent stage. The Indian retail industry has witnessed a massive transition during the last few decades. The Indian retail has grown at a CAGR of 11. 2% during the period FY04-FY07, with food and grocery accounting for the major share. Despite the industry being dominated by the unorganized retailers, the organised retailing revenues have soared at a CAGR of 19. 5% during the period FY04-FY07. The apparel & footwear segment occupies the major share in the organised retail pie. The Indian retail industry has strong linkages with the economic growth and Development of the economy. It is primarily characterized by its hierarchical growth structure, high working capital requirements etc. The factors such as rising urbanization, growing consumer class, growing per capita expenditure, greater interest evinced by the Venture capitalists / Private equity firms in the industry etc. have been driving the growth of organised retail. The growth of modern retailing has led to the emergence of varied formats such as Departmental stores, Supermarkets etc. In addition, few other formats such as rural retailing, E-retailing, luxury retailing etc. too have found favours with the Indian retailers. Each format being distinct from the other, the viability of their operations depends upon various factors such as average footfalls, sales per sq. ft etc. However the numerous licensing requirements as compared to other countries have proved to be a bottleneck in the growth of Indian retailing. We have identified further requirements, advantages and disadvantages associated with the organized as well as unorganized retailing in India. On the basis of a detailed analysis incorporating the experience of other retailing locations across the globe, We feel that the co-existence of the organized and unorganized retailing in the Indian context cannot be denied. To estimate the size of the Indian retail industry and the penetration levels of organized retail in the urban and rural Indian markets for the period FY08-FY11, we have evolved an industry model incorporating three different scenarios i. e. Optimistic , Most Likely & Pessimistic. We expect that with the growing reach of modern retailers in the rural and urban reas, the penetration level of organized retailing would continue to grow, thereby resulting in the organized retail growth, surpassing the growth of total Indian retail during the period FY08-FY11. The Indian retail though largely dominated by the unorganized retailers has witnessed a massive transition in the last decade. Of the total retail sales, the food & grocery segment constitutes the major chunk. H owever in case of organized retail, the apparel & footwear segment stands as the major contributor. With varied segments of retailing i. e. Food & Grocery, Clothing & Footwear, Furniture & Furnishing, Jewellery, Beverages . The Indian population is whooping 1 billion with 75% of the people living in villages and small towns. It is only natural that the agricultural sector is the biggest employer with its contribution to GDP pegged at 26. 7%. Retail is India’s larges industry after Agriculture with around 20% of the economically active population engaged in it and generation 10% of our country’s GDP. The growth of the efficient small store culture can be attributed to the 6 million villages distributed across the length and breadth of the country. The 12 million retail outlets in India are the highest in the world, and cater to the purchase need of its pole. It is interesting to note, that the Urban Population although just 25% of the total, is an astounding 250 million in size and is growing at a healthy rate of 7% per annum. The chief driver of growth in the retail sector has been the consumer, with the spending increasing at an average of 11% per annum. The Core and the Lower middle have increased their share in the Growth 2. 3 FACTORS AFFECTING THE INDUSTRY * Demographic * Psychological Environmental * LifeStyle DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS Demographic factors are unique to a particular person. They are objective, quantifiable and easily identifiable population data such as sex, income, age, marital status etc. It also involves identification of who is responsible for the decision-making or buying and who is the ultimate consumer PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS Psychological factors refer to the intrinsic or inner aspects of the individual. An understanding of consumers’ psychology guides the marketers’ segmentation strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Environmental factors cover all the physical and social characteristics of a consumer’s external world, including physical objects, spatial relationships, the social factors , customers, reference groups, social class . The environmental factors influence consumers’ wants, learning, motives, which in turn influence effective and cognitive responses and among other things the shopping behaviour of the individual. LIFESTYLE Lifestyle refers to an individual’s mode of living as identified by his or her activities, interests and opinions. Lifestyle variables have been measured by identifying a consumer’s day-to-day activities and interests. Lifestyle is considered to be highly correlated with consumer’s values and personality. An individual’s lifestyle is influenced by, among other things, the social group he belongs to and his occupation. For example, double-income-no-kids (DINKS) families in metros shop very regularly at the super malls because of the limited time at their disposal and they also look for entertainment while shopping on weekends. At the same time, they are higher spenders than, for e. . , single-income families. A study by imagesfashion. com highlights that Indian working women have to balance their wardrobe collection based on requirements of different occasions related to professional workplace or family gathering. CHAPTER 3 COMPANY PROFILE COMPANY PROFILE Aditya Birla Retail Limited is a part of the Aditya Birla Group. The Group has named it ‘More’. It offers prod ucts such as fruits, vegetables, grocery, frozen food, bakery, homecare, personal care and pharmacy. It also provides FMCG products and house brands. Aditya Birla Retail Limited has acquired Trinethra to assist it in creating a retail stronghold in south India. Trinethra, with its own chain of stores, will enable the company to expand its operations all over the country. The roots of the Aditya Birla Group date back to the 19th century in the picturesque town of Pilani, set amidst the Rajasthan desert. It was here that Seth Shiv Narayan Birla started trading in cotton, laying the foundation for the House of Birlas. Through India's arduous times of the 1850s, the Birla business expanded rapidly. In the early part of the 20th century, our Group's founding father, Ghanshyamdas Birla, set up industries in critical sectors such as textiles and fibre, aluminium, cement and chemicals. As a close confidante of Mahatma Gandhi, he played an active role in the Indian freedom struggle. He represented India at the first and second round-table conference in London, along with Gandhiji. It was at â€Å"Birla House† in Delhi that the luminaries of the Indian freedom struggle often met to plot the downfall of the British Raj. Ghanshyamdas Birla found no contradiction in pursuing business goals with the dedication of a saint, emerging as one of the foremost industrialists of pre-independence India. The principles by which he lived were soaked up by his grandson, Aditya Vikram Birla, our Group's legendary leader. | A formidable force in Indian industry, Mr. Aditya Birla dared to dream of setting up a global business empire at the age of 24. He was the first to put Indian business on the world map, as far back as 1969, long before globalisation became a buzzword in India. In the then vibrant and free market South East Asian countries, he ventured to set up world-class production bases. He had foreseen the winds of change and staked the future of his business on a competitive, free market driven economy order. He put Indian business on the globe, 22 years before economic liberalisation was formally introduced by the former Prime Minister, Mr. Narasimha Rao and the former Union Finance Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh. He set up 19 companies outside India, in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Egypt. Interestingly, for Mr. Aditya Birla, globalisation meant more than just geographic reach. He believed that a business could be global even whilst being based in India. Therefore, back in his home-territory, he drove single-mindedly to put together the building blocks to make our Indian business a global force. Under his stewardship, his companies rose to be the world's largest producer of viscose staple fibre, the largest refiner of palm oil, the third largest producer of insulators and the sixth largest producer of carbon black. In India, they attained the status of the largest single producer of viscose filament yarn, apart from being a producer of cement, grey cement and rayon grade pulp. The Group is also the largest producer of aluminium in the private sector, the lowest first cost producers in the world and the only producer of linen in the textile industry in India. At the time of his untimely demise, the Group's revenues crossed Rs. 8,000 crore globally, with assets of over Rs. 9,000 crore, comprising of 55 benchmark quality plants, an employee strength of 75,000 and a shareholder community of 600,000. Under the leadership of our Chairman, Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla, the Group has sustained and established a leadership position in its key businesses through continuous value-creation. Spearheaded by Grasim, Hindalco, Aditya Birla Nuvo, Indo Gulf Fertilisers and companies in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Egypt, the Aditya Birla Group is a leader in a swathe of products — viscose staple fibre, aluminium, cement, copper, carbon black, palm oil, insulators, garments. And with successful forays into financial services, telecom, software and BPO, the Group is today one of Asia's most diversified business groups. MR. KUMAR MANGALAM BIRLA CHAIRMAN, THE ADITYA BIRLA GROUP Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla is Chairman of the US$ 28 billion Aditya Birla Group and India’s first truly multinational corporation. An iconic figure, Mr. Birla holds several key positions on various regulatory and professional boards. MANAGEMENT The Aditya Birla Management Corporation Private Limited, is the Group's apex decision making body and provides strategic direction to Group companies. Its Board of Directors comprises:| | * Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chairman * Mr. S. Aga * Mr. D. Bhattacharya * Mr. S. K. Jain * Dr. S. Misra * Mr. S. Misra * Dr. B. K. Singh * Mr. K. K. Maheshwari * Mr. Vikram Rao * Mr. Ajay Srinivasan 3. 1 FUTURE PLANS OF THE ORGANISATION After acquiring south based Trinethra and plans to buy Pyramid Retail, the Aditya Birla group doesn’t want itself to be left behind in the race for getting their pie in the pecializ retail market. Instead of tying with Tesco, Carrefour, Woolworth, they have decided to go all alone. They plan to open 172 hypermarkets and supermarkets starting from Pune. While Subhiksha is mainly into neighbourhood stores, Future Group has a strategy of having single brand outlets to multi-brand seamless malls, similarly Reliance Retail has started with Fresh stores and Reliance Digital to be followed by opening up of hypermarkets and pecialized stores. Birla’s business style is perceived to be a little conservative, and they are investing Rs. 9,000 crores in this venture which will enable it to establish a pan-India footprint. The retail venture would be aided by the group’s companies like Madura Garments (a key component of retail sales), IDEA cellular (for technical and communication requirements of stores), financial services (for providing consumer loans on its goods). Organised retail sector’s growth is expected to be rapid, thus making it a valid and natural choice for AVB group to diversify in this sector. But, competition and late entry may somewhat derail the company’s retail growth rate to the overall industry rate. The sector may also face hurdles as owing to non-clarity of FDI in retail, foreign chains have postponed their plans of entry into India. â€Å"Our Mission is to Change the Way People Shop. We Will Give Them More. † 3. 2 PRODUCT ; SERVICE PROFILE At more. for you are committed to deliver quality ; value to our customers and have a range of private label brands as well as commercially branded products, offering – 100% satisfaction on the quality of the products ; services offered. ore. for you hosts a range of private label brands across various categories that follow stringent quality norms, and are available in attractive prices and packaging. Our premium products give you the opportunity to enjoy the difference and quality that is equal to or better than the market's leading brands, but at competitive prices. Recently our private label brands recei ved the coveted â€Å"The Most Admired Private Label† Golden Spoon award at the Food Forum India. We offer a wide range of assortment of over 4000 products, ranging from fresh food to beverages, grocery to household care products. Our range covers everything, from day-to-day essentials to traditional favorites, from delicious treats, to healthy alternatives. To ensure the freshest supply of fruits and vegetables for you, we have built direct linkage with the farmers. MORE provide some private labels also, More. label Food Brands : †¢Feasters †¢Kitchen's Promise †¢Best of India HYPERMARKET HYPERMARKET Apparels – Men/ Women Bakery Beverages Books and Audio ; Video Computer ; Accessories Do it yourself Auto Accessories Electronics FMCG Products Footwear Frozen ; Dairy Products Fruits ; Vegetables Furniture General Merchandise Apparels – Men/ Women Bakery Beverages Books and Audio ; Video Computer ; Accessories Do it yourself Auto Accessories Electronics FMCG Products Footwear Frozen ; Dairy Products Fruits ; Vegetables Furniture General Merchandise Bakery Beauty Concepts Beverages Basic Apparels Cutlery ; Cookware Fruits ; Vegetables Frozen ; Dairy Products FMCG Products Grocery Home Care Products Home Needs ; Home Upkeep Home Decor Products Personal Care ; Cosmetics Processed Food Ready to Cook/Prepared Food Bakery Beauty Concepts Beverages Basic Apparels Cutlery ; Cookware Fruits ; Vegetables Frozen ; Dairy Products FMCG Products Grocery Home Care Products Home Needs ; Home Upkeep Home Decor Products Personal Care ; Cosmetics Processed Food Ready to Cook/Prepared Food Following is the range of products offered by MORE stores to its customers. There are various products and services offered by MORE supermarket and hypermarket. SUPERMARKET SUPERMARKET SERVICES For customers additional benefit, Consumer Finance on electronics products such as: †¢Friendly Return ; Exchange Policy. Hassle free Return ; Exchange policy at more MEGASTORE. 3. 3 MARKET PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION Birla group instead of setting up its own retail outlets apart from their own Madhura garment outlets, are trying to enter into the retail business by acquiring already established retail chains. The company is mainly concentrating to establish its foot in Southern India than competing with others in most affluent metro and northern regi ons. To start with Birla group acquired Trinethra Super Retail chain that mainly operated in Andhra Pradesh with some presence in Kerala and Karnataka. Trinethra started retail business much before anyone could imagine the growth of the sector as it is today. Trinethra started in way back 1986 in the twin cities of Hyderabad-Secunderabad had revenues of Rs 250 crores from its 172 stores which are mostly the size of Reliance Fresh groceries stores [2,500 sft – 3,000 sft]. Apart from its grocery retail chain, Trinethra has also brought online shopping portal Fabmall to the fold of AV Birla group. Birla’s acquiring march does not stop here. The company is planning to acquire Piramid Retail and Niligiris. The latter will give Birla Retail, pan south-India presence. They are also planning to open 172 hypermarkets and supermarkets starting from Pune. Apart from operating two hypermarket stores under the umbrella brand name of â€Å"More.. for you† at Mysore and Vadodara, the retail arm of the group operates around 670 supermaket format, neighbourhood food, grocery, and general merchandise, stores across the country. These stores include the erstwhile stores of Trinethra retail chain, which after the acquisition were also rechristened as ‘More’ stores. More, under the stewardship of its new CEO Thomas Varghese, an old Birla hand, who was roped in after the Sumant Sinha, has taken several initiatives to revamp the operations of the loss making chain. Some of the initiatives include: Close some of the non performing stores. Take a re-look at the design, positioning and merchandise offered by the retail chain. Focus more on large sized stores. The retailer will set up hypermarts of 30,000 to 40,000 sq. ft. spce each. Aggressively expanding the retail network;add 200 Supermarket stores and 12 Hyper Ymart stores in 2009- 10. Renegotiation of property rentals for almost all leased properties with their landlords. The rents in some cases have come down by 30 to 40 percent. Introduction of private labels, mostly in fast moving consumer products category, to increase share of private labels to 40 per cent in the next 4 to 5 years. Look for earning rent from ’shop-in-shop’ opportunities. Recently, ‘Dial for Health’ wellness retail chain owned by Zydus group has inked an agreement to set up such outlets in Gujarat and Maharashtra. Look for a financial partner. â€Å"We are not looking at a strategic partner. We will be happy to have a financial partner. We have received lots of preliminary interest from investors. We would be open to this idea,† said Kumar Mangalam Birla. Some private equity firms like Warburg Pincus are believed to have shown interest equity stake in the company. Aditya Birla group, incidentally, also operates 340 apparel stores across the country of brands like Louis Phillippe, Van Heusen, Allen Solly and Esprit in the lifestyle and value fashion segments. These stores are operated by Madura Garments Lifestyle ; Retail and Peter England Fashions ; Retail, which are part the group’s flagship company Aditya Birla Nuvo. The garments business, which clocked Q4 turnover of 273. 3 crore (2008-09) and a nett loss of Rs. 82. 2 crore during the quarter, has also embarked on several measures to stem the rot, including closure of 30 stores that will save around Rs 100 crore a year COMPANY’S VISION To consistently provide the Indian consumer complete and differentiated shopping experiences and be amongst India's Top retailers, while delivering superior returns to all stakeholders COMPANY’S MISSION To deliver superior value to our customers, shareholders, employees and society at large. COMPANY’S VALUES 0 Integrity 1 Commitment 2 Passion 3 Seamlessness 4 Speed COMPANY’S MILESTONES The Aditya Birla Group, India's first multinational corporation, traces its origins back to the tiny village of Pilani in the Rajasthan desert, where Seth Shiv Narayan Birla started cotton trading operations in 1857. Today, the Group's footprint extends to 25 countries and its revenues are US$ 28 billion. We retrace the highlights of this remarkable journey, starting from the present: 2011- Retail Icon Award 2010- Most Admired Retail Face of the Year 009- Reid & Taylor Awards 2008 – The President of India, Mrs. Pratibha Patil conferred the much coveted Rotary International Polio Eradication Champion Award on Mrs. Rajashree Birla in an elegant function at the Rashtrapati Bhavan (Delhi), attended by the Chairman, select Rotarians and WHO officials 2007- The Aditya Birla Group was honoured with the India Today Group's Readers Digest Gold award in recognition of the work t hat truly exemplifies the highest values of society as well as those of Reader's Digest. 2006- Hindalco in a joint venture with Almex USA Inc. Hindalco awarded the Greentech Safety Silver Award for its outstanding safety performance during 2005-06. 2005 -Indian Rayon re-christened as Aditya Birla Nuvo. 2004 -Board reconstituted with Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla taking over as Chairman. .2003 -Mr. Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chairman of the Group, is selected as Business India's Businessman of the Year – 2003. 2002 -The Grasim board approves an open offer for purchase of up to 20 per cent of the equity of L;T, in accordance with the provisions and guidelines issued by the Securities ; Exchange Board of India Regulations, 1997. 001 -Grasim acquires 2. 50 crore shares — representing just over 10 per cent of the equity — in L&T from Reliance Industries Ltd. 2000 -Indian Rayon acquires Madura Garments and selected overseas brand rights, taking the Group to the top of the league in the branded apparels sector. 1999 -A joint venture with financial services major Sun Life of Canada is inked, as part of the overall restru cturing of the Group's financial services business. 1998 -The Group forms a 50:50 joint venture company with Tembec Inc. of Canada, called A. V. Cell Inc. , to supply pulp for the Group's VSF operations. 996 -To honour the memory of the late Aditya Birla, a new corporate logo – Aditya, the rising sun – is launched. 1995 -The Group enters the telecommunications sector through a joint venture with AT&T (USA). 1994 -The Birla Growth Fund is renamed Birla Global Finance Limited, as its span of operations expands.. 1992 -Thai Epoxy and Allied Products commences production of Epoxy Resins in Thailand. 1991 -Pan Century Oleochemicals commences production of fatty acids and glycerine in Malaysia. 1990 -Mr Kumar Mangalam Birla gets actively involved in the Group's operations. 989 -Thai Peroxide commences manufacturing of hygrogen peroxide solutions in Thailand. 1988 -The government liberalises the petroleum industry. The Aditya Birla Group enters into a joint venture with Hindu stan Petroleum Corporation Ltd to set up a three-million-tonne refinery, Mangalore Refineries and Petrochemicals Ltd (MRPL), at Mangalore, Karnataka. 1987 -Indian Rayon is renamed as Indian Rayon and Industries Limited (IRIL), to reflect its wide horizon of activities. 1986 -The Birla Growth Fund is set up to finance industrial equipment, plant and machinery and consumer durables, as well as for stock market operations. 985 -India's first gas-based fertiliser plant in the private sector – Indo Gulf – goes on stream at Jagdishpur, UP. 1984 -Thai Polyphosphates and Chemicals commences production of sodium phosphates in Thailand. 1982 – Indo Bharat Rayon is established. It is the first producer of Viscose Staple Fibre in Indonesia. CHAPTER 4 DEPARTMENTAL PROFILE FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ORGANISATION * HR AND TRAINING * PROJECT AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT * COMMERCIAL AND ACCOUNTS * ADMINISTRATION * IT * LOSS PREVENTION AND RISK MANAGEMENT * MARKETING * SUPPLY CHAI N 4. 1 FUNCTIONAL AREAS IN BUSINESS In a large organisation, it is usually easier to identify separate functional areas because people work together in departments. Each department carries out the tasks that relate to its particular area. The purposes of functional areas- The main purpose of functional areas is to ensure that all important business activities are carried out efficiently. This is essential if the business is to achieve its aims and objectives. In addition, specific areas will be responsibility for supporting specific types of aims and objectives, 4. 1. 1 HR AND TRAINING DEPARTMENT The human resources (HR) and training function- HR is responsible for recruiting new employees and ensuring that each vacancy is filled by the best person for the job. This is important because the recruitment process is expensive and time-consuming. Hiring the wrong person can be costly and cause problems both for the individual and the firm.. HR aims to ensure that the business retains good, experienced staff. Analysing staff-turnover figures will show the rate at which people leave the organisation The department includes-Human resources functions such us: Advertising job vacancies * Notifying staff of promotion opportunities * Receiving and recording all job applications, arranging interviews and notifying candidates of the result * Sending a contract of employment and other essential information to new staff * Arranging staff training and encouraging continuous professional development * Monitoring the working conditions of staff * Checking health and safety and keeping accident records * Recording sick leave and reasons for absence * Carrying out company welfare policies, e. g. long-service awards and company loans Advising managers on the legal rights and responsibilities of the company and its employees * Keeping records of grievances and disciplinary actions and their outcome * Monitoring the terms and conditions of employment, including wage rates * Maintaining staff records * Liaising with staff associations or trade unions which represent the workforce 4. 1. 2 PROJECT AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT The field of commerce, business development comprises a number of techniques and responsibilities which aim at attracting new customers and at penetrating existing markets. Techniques used include: †¢Intelligence gathering on customers and competitors †¢ Generating leads for possible sales †¢Advising on, drafting and enforcing sales policies and processes †¢Follow-up sales activity †¢Formal proposal and presentation management and writing †¢Business model design †¢Account planning and performance monitoring †¢Proposition development and campaign development The department includes:- 1). Business research – gathering, studying, analyzing information This is one of the main functions of business development department. Team of analysts, statisticians and experts work at regular studying and monitoring of external environment – clients, industry, market, company's image, macro economy etc. in order to find potential opportunities and determine their feasibility, expediency and prospect, to analyze different scenarios and support elaboration of business development strategies. 2) Short-term and long-term business planning When certain business opportunity is defined and well-grounded it should be discussed with specialists of concerning departments and company management. Information obtained by business development department is a background for elaborating of short-term and long-term business plans. When opportunity and objectives are considered and agreed with all participants of the process the plan of opportunity realization can be developed and development project initiated. As a result of cooperation of a cross-department team the plan is elaborated into specific tasks that can be assigned to executers and controlled by specialists of business development department, so they can be aware about progress of development plan realization. ). Collaboration with other departments One of the functions of business development department is to give recommendations and consultations regarding questions of development of other departments and general company organization. For effective performance of this function good internal communications should be established. Analysts from business development department should be able to share and discuss documents , tasks and projects with specialists from other departments. 4. 1. 3 COMMERCIAL AND ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS Management accountants perform three functions. Scorekeeping-accumulate data and report reliable results to all levels of management Attention-directing-make visible opportunities and problems on which managers need to focus Problem-solving-conduct comparative analysis to identify the best alternatives in relation to the organization’s goals FINANCIAL ACCOUNTANTS They are concerned with the preparation of the statutory accounts. All outlets must provide a Balance Sheet and Profit and Loss Account each year, and most produce a cash flow statement as well. The objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions. Financial statements prepared for this purpose meet the common needs of most users. Financial statements do not provide all the information that users may need to make economic decisions since they largely portray the financial effects of past events and do not necessarily provide non-financial information. A credit controller- Finance staff support the accountants by keeping financial records, chasing up late payments and paying for items purchased. Use computer accounting packages to record financial transactions and prepare their accounts as well as spreadsheets to analyse financial data. Finance departments prepare the payroll and pay staff salaries 4. 1. 4 ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT Senior administrators carry out a wide range of tasks, from monitoring budgets to interviewing new staff for their departments. Routine administrative tasks include opening the mail, preparing and filing documents, sending emails and faxes. Others require more creativity and flexibility, such as arranging travel or important events, from staff meetings to visits by foreign customers. Administrators also deal with external customers who judge the business on the way their enquiry is handled. Administrative function includes:- * Collecting, distributing and dispatching the mail * Storing and retrieving paper and electronic records * Organising meetings and preparing meetings documents * Responding promptly to enquiries * Preparing documents using word processing, spreadsheet and presentation packages, such as PowerPoint * Researching information Sending and receiving messages by telephone, fax and email * Making arrangements for visitors. * Making travel arrangements * Purchasing supplies of office stationery and equipment * Making arrangements for events, such as interviews or sales conferences 4. 1. 5 IT DEPARTMENT The Functions are: * IT department carry out strategically important projects which are intended for impro ving of company's IT infrastructure. Such projects are performed by IT specialists of different professions and are controlled not only by IT department managers, but supervised by company management as well. IT department supervisors fulfill the technological management according to their duties and business supervisors control the financial, time and strategic part of the project and need to be in touch with project performance. * System administrators perform a number of periodical tasks which are required for stable and effective work of IT systems and for informational security. * Ensuring that the network infrastructure is up and running, applying operating system updates, patches, and configuration changes, performing backups and restores, hardware monitoring and troubleshooting, etc. . 1. 6 LOSS PREVENTION AND RISK MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT Functions performed in this department are: * Frequent checking of stock * Provides security against man made loss theft (Alarm system) * Lo ok after the arrangements in the warehouse * They are concerned with the returning of the expired products 4. 1. 7 MARKETING DEPARTMENT Marketing is all about identifying and meeting customer needs. Many businesses consider this so important that they are said to be marketing led. In this case, everyone in the organisation is trained to put the ustomer first from the production worker, who has to produce high quality goods, to the accounts clerk, who must respond to a customer enquiry promptly and accurately. Marketing function includes:- * Carrying out market research to obtain feedback on potential and existing products and/or services * Analysing market research responses and advising senior managers of the results and implications * Promoting products and services through a variety of advertising and promotional methods * Obtaining and updating a profile of existing customers to target advertising and promotions appropriately Producing and distributing publicity materials, such as catalogues or Brochures * Designing, updating and promoting the company website 4. 1. 8 SUPPLY CHAIN DEPARTMENT Supply chain department function include: †¢ Supply Planning and Sales ; Operations Planning (S;OP) †¢ Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) †¢ Supply Chain Operations – Warehousing ; Transportation †¢ Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) †¢ Purchasing †¢ Imports ; Exports 4. 2 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF ADITYA BIRLA RETAIL LTD Chairman Chairman CEO CEO SUPERMARKET SUPERMARKET HYPERMARKET HYPERMARKET REGIONAL HEAD REGIONAL HEAD ZONAL HEAD ZONAL HEAD TERRITORY MANAGER TERRITORY MANAGER CLUSTER MANAGER CLUSTER MANAGER STORE MANAGER STORE MANAGER SUPERVISOR SUPERVISOR CSA CSA CHAPTER 5 SWOT ANALYSIS 5. 1 STRENGTH * Pattern of consumption changing along with shopping trends. * A Growing population will translate to move consumers. * Consumer spending increasing at 11% annually. * Paradigm shift in shopping experience for consumers pulling in more people. 5. 2 WEAKNESSES * Shortage of quality retail spaces at affordable rates. Government regulations on development of real estate(Urban Land Ceiling Act) * Need to provide Value for Money-squeezing margins * Lack of industry status.. * Footfalls not a clear indicator of sales as actual consumers lower in number. * Lack of huge investments for expansion. 5. 3 OPPORTUNITIES * Increasing urban population * Increase in consuming middle class population. * Social factors like dual household income has enhanced spending power. * Spends moving towards lifestyle products and esteem enhancing products. * Average grocery spends at 42% of monthly spends-presents a huge opportunity. Increase in use of credit cards. 5. 4 THREATS * Personalized service offered by other stores. * Unavailability of qualified personnel to support exponential growth in stores * Differentiate taxation laws hindering expansion. * Competed stores * Lake of development infrastructural needs * Dissimilarity in consumer groups * Shortage of trained manpower * Low retail management skill CHAPTER 6 FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION 6. 1 FINDINGS * The current contribution sector of retail sector 14% and its expected to climb up in the coming years. The different depts. of Aditya Birla ltd are functioning smoothly * Understood the factors regarding the location of business outlet. * Consumers generaly not satisfied with product range. They need more variety of products. 6. 2 SUGGESTIONS * People generally search for the product on offer so the high margin product should be up fronted that means those item should be in such a way that it easily catches customers attention and generate impulse purchase. * Some of the measures taken by Loss and Prevention department are not applicable. The IT Department should provide solutions for basic problems to the store managers in outlets. * New outlets should be open at convenient locations. * The outlet should introduce new and attractive promotional offers. * The retail outlet should new products range. * The outlet should have enough parking spaces for vehicles. 6. 3 CONCLUSION Through my ORGANISATION STUDY and job responsibilities I handled in the organization, I came to a conclusion that the company should provide information to stores to concentrate more on the fruits and vegetables section as it is perishable in nature and has a short shelf life. The company should be flexible to adapt to the changes which occurs in the retailing industry. Store should take more care on promotional activities because all other retail stores are giving more promotional activities than More. Most people are not aware about the seasonal offers in More stores. BIBLIOGRAPHY SOURCES OF DATA 1. RETAIL MANAGEMENT BY S. G SHARMA 2. INTERNET SITES www. info. com www. morestore. com

The Westerner vs “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky”

Claire Schneider Joseph Libis English 1002 May 30, 2009 Two works of Literature, â€Å"The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky†, the short story, and â€Å"The Westerner†, the film, try to convey the civilization of the old west, which allows for settlement and development of traditional American values, which are associated with honest and hard working people in the West Texas frontier. Although, one of these works does a better job of conveying overall theme.Between â€Å"The Bride comes to Yellow Sky† and â€Å"The Westerner†, I would say that â€Å"The Westerner did a better job of civilizing on the Western frontier. Throughout the film, it seemed as they were always arguing with each other, but in the end Jane Ellen Mathews, and Carl Hardin became friends. One way to prove this would be that Carl had said that he thought Jane Ellen’s hair was the most beautiful hair he had ever seen. He wanted to keep a lock of her hair.To me, that says a lot if you wan t to keep a lock of some ones hair. There was a scene in which there was a play in which Judge Roy Bean purchased all of the tickets for. Before the play began, Carl Hardin appeared, and they started to have a shooting match. I’m not sure what the reason was. After a long match, they both decided to call it even and make up. It’s always great when movies wind up having a great ending. Two of the characters, Jane Ellen, and Carl Hardin, wanted to have a home together.In Bride Comes to Yellow Sky, two people have just gotten married, and are on board a train to Yellow Sky. When they arrive back in Yellow Sky, they rush towards Jack Potter’s house, but they see, on their way six men sitting at a bar, and a man comes out and announces that Scratchy Wilson has been drinking again. In the very beginning of â€Å"The Westerner† there were men sitting at a bar drinking. This would be one similarity that the two works of literature share.

Ante Pavelic, Croatian War Criminal

Ante Pavelic, Croatian War Criminal Of all the Nazi-era war criminals who escaped to Argentina after World War Two, it is possible to argue that Ante Pavelić (1889-1959), the â€Å"Poglavnik,† or â€Å"chief† of wartime Croatia, was the vilest. Pavelic was the head of the Ustase party which ruled Croatia as a puppet of the Nazi regime in Germany, and their actions, which resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Serbs, Jews and Gypsies, sickened even those Nazi advisors stationed there. After the war, Pavelic fled to Argentina, where he lived openly and unrepentant for several years. He died in Spain in 1959 of wounds suffered in an assassination attempt. Pavelic Before the War Ante Pavelić was born on July 14, 1889 in the town of Bradina in Herzegovina, which was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the time. As a young man, he trained as a lawyer and was very active politically. He was one of many Croatians who chafed at his people becoming part of the Kingdom of Serbia and subject to a Serbian king. In 1921 he entered politics, becoming an official in Zagreb. He continued to lobby for Croatian independence and by the late 1920’s he had established the Ustase Party, which openly supported fascism and an independent Croatian state. In 1934, Pavelić was part of a conspiracy which resulted in the assassination of King Alexander of Yugoslavia. Pavelić was arrested but released in 1936. Pavelić and the Croatian Republic Yugoslavia was suffering from great internal turmoil, and in 1941 the Axis powers invaded and conquered the troubled nation. One of the first actions of the Axis was to set up a Croatian State, the capital of which was Zagreb. Ante Pavelić was named Poglavnik, a word which means â€Å"leader† and is not unlike the term fà ¼hrer adopted by Adolf Hitler. The Independent State of Croatia, as it was called, was actually a puppet state of Nazi Germany. Pavelić established a regime led by the vicious Ustase party which would be responsible for some of the most horrible crimes committed during the war. During the war, Pavelić met with many European leaders including Adolf Hitler and Pope Pius XII, who personally blessed him.    Ustase War Crimes The repressive regime quickly began acting against the Jews, Serbs and Roma (gypsies) of the new nation. The Ustase eliminated their legal rights of their victims, stole their property and finally murdered them or sent them to death camps. The Jasenovac death camp was established and anywhere from 350,000 to 800,000 Serbs, Jews and Roma were murdered there during the war years. The Ustase slaughter of these helpless people made even hardened German Nazis flinch. Ustase leaders called on Croatian citizens to murder their Serbian neighbors with pickaxes and hoes if need be. The slaughter of thousands was done in broad daylight, with no attempt made to cover it up. Gold, jewels and treasure from these victims went directly into Swiss bank accounts or into the pockets and treasure chests of the Ustase.   Pavelić Flees In May of 1945, Ante Pavelić realized the Axis cause was a lost one and decided to run. He reportedly had about $80 million in treasure with him, looted from his victims. He was joined by some soldiers and some of his high-ranking Ustase cronies. He decided to try and make for Italy, where he hoped the Catholic Church would shelter him. Along the way, he passed through zones controlled by the British and it is assumed he bribed some British officers to let him through. He also stayed in the American zone for a while before making his way to Italy in 1946. It is believed that he traded intelligence and money to the Americans and British for safety: they may have also left him alone as partisans were fighting the new communist regime in Yugoslavia in his name. Arrival in South America Pavelić found shelter with the Catholic Church, as he had hoped. The church had been very friendly with the Croatian regime, and also helped hundreds of war criminals escape after the war. Eventually Pavelić decided that Europe was just too dangerous and headed to Argentina, arriving in Buenos Aires in November of 1948. He still had millions of dollars’ worth of gold and other treasures stolen from the victims of his murderous regime. He traveled under an alias (and a new beard and mustache) and was warmly welcomed by the administration of President Juan Domingo Peron. He wasn’t alone: at least 10,000 Croatians – many of them war criminals – went to Argentina after the war. Pavelić in Argentina Pavelić set up shop in Argentina, attempting to overthrow the regime of new President Josip Broz Tito from half a world away. He set up a government in exile, with himself as president and his former undersecretary of the Interior, Dr. Vjekoslav Vrancic, as vice-President. Vrancic had been in charge of the repressive, murderous police forces in the Croatian Republic. Assassination Attempt and Death In 1957, a would-be assassin fired six shots at Pavelić on the street in Buenos Aires, hitting him twice. Pavelić was rushed to a doctor and survived. Although the assailant was never caught, Pavelić always believed him to be an agent of the Yugoslav communist regime. Because Argentina was becoming too dangerous for him – his protector, Peron, had been ousted in 1955 – Pavelić went to Spain, where he continued trying to subvert the Yugoslav government. The wounds he suffered in the shooting were serious, however, and he never fully recovered from them. He died on December 28, 1959. Of all of the Nazi war criminals and collaborators who escaped justice after World War Two, Pavelić is quite arguably the worst. Josef Mengele tortured inmates at the Auschwitz death camp, but he tortured them one at a time. Adolf Eichmann and Franz Stangl were responsible for organizing systems which killed millions, but they were operating within the framework of Germany and the Nazi party and could claim to have only been following orders. Pavelić, on the other hand, was the commander-in-chief of a sovereign nation, and under his personal direction, that nation coldly, brutally and systematically went about the business of slaughtering hundreds of thousands of its own citizens. As war criminals go, Pavelić was up there with Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini. Unfortunately for his victims, Pavelić’s knowledge and money kept him safe after the war, when Allied forces should have captured him and turned him over to Yugoslavia (where his death sentence would have come swiftly and surely). The aid given to this man by the Catholic Church and the nations of Argentina and Spain are also great stains on their respective human rights records. In his later years, he was increasingly considered a bloodstained dinosaur and if he had lived long enough, he may have eventually been extradited and put on trial for his crimes. It would be of little comfort to his victims to know that he died in great pain from his wounds, increasingly bitter and frustrated at his continuing irrelevance and inability to re-establish a new Croatian regime.    Sources: Ante Pavelic. Moreorless.net. Goà ±i, Uki. The Real Odessa: Smuggling the Nazis to Peron’s Argentina. London: Granta, 2002.

Multiple Thoughts in One Sentence

Multiple Thoughts in One Sentence Multiple Thoughts in One Sentence Multiple Thoughts in One Sentence By Michael The rule of putting a period at the end of every thought would be simpler, except that in English, were allowed to include more than one thought in the same sentence. These thoughts are expressed in clauses, and clauses can be independent or subordinate. For example, that last sentence has two independent clauses, separated by a comma and the word and. With independent clauses, both thoughts dont have to be included in the same sentence. In the previous paragraph, I could have said, These thoughts are expressed in clauses. They can be either independent or dependent. Do you see how independent they really are? They make sense even when theyre separated. Putting a period between two independent clauses usually doesnt make them any harder to understand. The rhythm or flow of the writing is a little choppier, but that is it. Most of the time, long sentences are overused and short sentences are underused. Pay attention to your writing. Are you jamming multiple thoughts in one sentence? Are you doing that over and over again? Perhaps you should use the period more often! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?A While vs Awhile10 Tips About How to Write a Caption

7 Stress Management Techniques for Nurses

7 Stress Management Techniques for Nurses Stress is an ever-present buzzword in pretty much every industry, but it takes on especially sharp significance for those in the medical and nursing professions. Daryn Eller at Scrubs Mag has compiled some strategies for nurses to help them manage stress without feeling overwhelmed. The consequences for losing the ability to manage stress are severe: burning out and leaving the industry, substance abuse, chronic illness, neglecting self care, or even  making fatal errors. Be proactive about advocating for yourself, beginning with these basic approaches:1. Take ControlStart by observing your daily routine objectively. What gives you energy, and what saps it? Can you structure your day or your approach to tasks to emphasize the ones that build you up, or at least balance them more effectively with the draining moments? Talk to your supervisor and your colleagues and see if you have a counterpart you might be able to trade with- this step helps rebuild your  sense of agency, which a lleviates that helpless, scrambling feeling.  2. Keep PerspectiveStress in the field of nursing is unavoidable- even if you try to stay detached, there are people’s lives at stake! So don’t bottle up your emotions at work- breathe and talk and even write through them. This strategy may even be more useful for your life outside of work; when you remember what the stakes at work are, interpersonal conflict or household issues seem lighter by comparison.  3. Lighten UpWhether you burst into song like Julie Andrews or make inappropriate jokes to alleviate the tension, it’s important to let levity in when you can. Learn from your mistakes, and then let them roll off your shoulders. Carrying around guilt or shame will not make your job easier.  4. Don’t be a Hero (when it comes to overtime)While the opportunity to double your usual wages might be appealing, it’s crucial to remember that nursing is exhausting physically and emotionally. There are le gal maximums for a reason. Don’t feel like you always have to be the one stepping up for extra shifts, and remember to compartmentalize and sign off at the end of the day or night.  5. Take BreaksMany nurses don’t take breaks- unless they’re smokers, which seems totally counterintuitive. Whether you treat yourself to a 15 minute non-smoking smoke break or just pause to close your eyes for a long slow breath between patient rooms, make sure you find moments to refresh yourself during the day. If you can manage even short workouts before or after work, even better.  6. Live in the MomentAmbition can take us to exciting places, and nostalgia is always a bittersweet mental journey. But during your daily life, make sure you know right when and where you are. Don’t be racing to the next thing or brooding on the last one- let go of past and future stress and work with what’s facing you right there in that moment.  7. Be Ready to Make ChangesIf you g et to a point where you have to constantly reach for these coping strategies and more, it may be a sign you’re in the wrong specialty, the wrong hospital, or the wrong doctor’s office. Be strategic about planning a move. Think about the kinds of places you’d really want to work, and don’t just restrict yourself to reading job postings or want ads. For other nurses, involving their families in their work- or even just bringing them to the hospital to get a sense of what their daily experience is- can help build a more supportive family dynamic.  The consistent thread in these tips is to know yourself, know what you need, and be empowered to advocate for yourself in large and small moments  when you feel like you’re overstressed. It will only help your work to have a revitalized version of you at work every day.

St.Paul's and St.Peter's Baroque Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

St.Paul's and St.Peter's Baroque Styles - Essay Example It is worth noting the significance of the two church buildings: St.Peter’s Basilica is the seat of the papacy, while St. Paul’s Cathedral is the Anglican’s biggest cathedral and one of the most recognizable sights in the City of London (Murray, 1970). As such, St.Peter’s Basilica reflects the Roman Catholic aspirations while St. Paul’s Cathedral is a manifestation of the Protestants’ authority. Brigg and Martin (1967) explain that in the 17th Century the Roman Catholic church fought off the encroachment by protestant reformation; The society of Jesus(Jesuits), making it their duty to defend the ways of the church against what they considered to be protestant attacks. In order to fully highlight the variations in Baroque style across Europe and with St. Paul’s and St.Peter’s as the case-studies, it is imperative to identify the design constants and unique features that identified Baroque Art and Architecture. Both Zirpolo (2008 ) and Summerson (1964) found that Baroque Architecture manifested the following salient features: (1) Use of undulating motifs in interior and exterior spaces - even columns was designed to undulate. (2) Distinctive use of vaults arches and buttresses - Churches were characterized with vaulted ceilings. (3) Flamboyant use of sculptures, statues and paintings in spaces. (4) A faà §ade characterized by a prominent dome, and an interior marked with a grand nave, and (5) Stylish exploitation of the play of light in interior spaces. It is these distinctive features. that the author will use as parameters to gauge the regional variations in the architecture of both St. Peter’s Basilica and St. Paul’s Cathedral. However, both churches have their own unique elements that might not be present in the other. For instance, St.Peter has a unique Baldachin below the dome. A major cause

Local School District Policies -- Students and Staff Research Paper

Local School District Policies -- Students and Staff - Research Paper Example The ways through which the policies are executed and monitored have been included in the paper. The paper also covers about the influence of community values on policies and the impact of the policies on the operations of the school. It has also been mentioned about the impact of policy on the culture of the school. The strength of these policies is included along with assurance of implementation of these policies. Certain modifications that are required in the policies have been included in the study. 2.0 How Policies are Communicated The policy of sexual harassment in the school is communicated to parents, students and faculty members by making clear written statement as memoranda which is easily understood by them. It can be shared by means of publishing in local newspaper and school newspaper or magazines (Doty & Strauss, 1996). The policy of personal assessment of teachers is communicated at the time of parents-teachers meet conducted by the school. In such occasions, the perfor mances of the teachers along with the students are highlighted (Churchill Community Foundation School, 2003). The policy of Student Assignment under ‘No Child Left Behind Act’ (NCLB) identifies that if there is proper communication between school and the home then there will be high standard of academic achievement of the students. The school authority may conduct conference among them so that there is a valuable communication between parents as well as teachers and students (Public Education Network, 2004). Then policy of ‘bullying and harassment’ is essential to be communicated to teachers and parents along with students. Proper way of communication is needed to aware each groups regarding the matter. A written document will help to distribute the information regarding the policy to each of them. The policy regarding internet and technology access is communicated so that each one may understand the rules of using such technology in school. The students an d teachers are generally informed in schools with written notice and parents are primarily communicated by providing documents in either school newspaper or special letter for parents (Wallsend Campus, 2011). 3.0 Implementation and Monitoring of Policy The policies of these issues are implemented as well as monitored in a systematic manner. The policy is implemented by higher authority of the schools due to the development of certain issues in schools. The policies are implemented after examining the accurate problems that has taken place and the specific policies that may reduce such issues. The personnel from the upper level of hierarchy of the school have the right to implement the policies because they need to think about the welfare of the school, students and faculties (California State University, n.d.). Policy monitoring generally relates to the maintenance of policies after it has been applied. It also refers to the way through which the policy is functioning effectively. T he higher authorities monitor carefully whether the executed policies are in a proper way and whether the teachers, students and parents are abiding by the set

What are the factors that influence consumer behavior towards choosing Essay

What are the factors that influence consumer behavior towards choosing mobile phone brands - Essay Example A mobile phone is an electronic device which is used in two way communication. To make use of a mobile phone, connection to a cellular network is required which is an interconnection of base stations through which signals are transmitted, hence the mobile uses those signals to forge and maintain connection. A user using a mobile phone can make or receive telephone calls to and from other cellular networks and also fixed line phones worldwide. Each mobile phone holds a subscription with a cellular network which then connects it to a mobile network operator and thus let’s communication to flow freely. With the influx of countless models of mobiles in the UK market, with minor or significant differences in features, generally they are categorized into two groups. We have feature phones, which are normally characterized as low end mobile phones having less functions, whereas at the other extreme we have Smartphone which are high end phones with sophisticated, computing capabilities. Hence the focus of this report is to discuss a Market Research Study with the aim of providing readers with a comprehensive insight into the factors that influence the consumer behavior when it comes to choosing mobile phones, particularly for UK market. Once the factors have been determined, this report will further shed light on the market research objectives as well as the main purpose and procedure for this proposed market research study. In addition to the aforementioned topics in this report you will also find ample information regarding how to conduct a qualitative and quantitative market research study explaining the finer points in detail. Also a proposed reporting research schedule and timing, fees and credentials will be a part of this report. The report’s prime focus will be on the consumer influences because it is these factors that aid the consumer in making a rational choice when given several alternatives to choose from. The

Use of social networks for financial and performance reporting Research Paper

Use of social networks for financial and performance reporting - Research Paper Example This research analyses how the financial reporting and organizations performance have improved for the past few years because of increased use of social networking. Inescapabilty and popularity of the social network has largely created awareness and improved the relationship between the business and the stakeholders by introducing a new way in which financial information is disseminated and eventually consumed. Companies primarily use the social media to report their performances so that the information can reach larger audience who may be interested. Information that was previously released in news releases, conference calls and presentations are revealed through twitter because of its ability to swiftly and efficiently receive and share information from a trusted source. There are live tweets of companies’ earning call enabling shareholders who are physically absent during call to receive live information. According to Scott (2013), â€Å"Of Facebook’s nearly one billion strong users, approximately 200 million are mobile only.† On the other hand, YouTube, and Flickr may be utilized in providing videos regarding earning calls, do presentations thus engaging investors with the business financial reports as well as sharing information such as crucial business transactions that include merger and acquisition. It is worth noting that the social network has the ability to reach even remote communities thus enabling the company to operate in distant and remote places while raising awareness about them. There are many reasons justifying the use of social media in financial reporting and performance. Social media’s ability to reach a huge audience makes it the best communication channels for businesses compared to the conventional methods that are inaccessible to some people. According to Scott (2013), â€Å"Statistical research has revealed that more than 95 per cent of  Facebook users log into their account every day. The same number

Euthanasia should be illegal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Euthanasia should be illegal - Research Paper Example On the other hand, voluntary euthanasia is one which includes the consent of the patient while involuntary euthanasia does not include the consent of the patients because they are not in a position to make any credible decision (Kon 459). Lastly, involuntary euthanasia occurs when a person requests not to be killed only to end up being killed. This paper will give reasons why it’s immoral for the physicians to assist in suicide. According to the constitution of United States, every citizen has the right to live. The constitution also states clearly that there is no one who has the right to take the life of the other. As a result, it’s illegal and unethical for any person to decide if the other person will live or not. With the increasing stress levels in the world, making such a move to be legal will lead to increased cases of euthanasia (Pereira 1075). Many physicians will be faced with many cases of voluntary euthanasia. It’s immoral for any physicians to help either in voluntary and involuntary euthanasia. Research indicates that when patients are in very intense pain, they are likely to take actions that are regrettable. As a result, voluntary euthanasia is an unethical way of giving a person who is not of sound mind an opportunity to make a critical decision about his existence. Allowing physician assisted suicide will increase cases of negligence in our hospitals. Currently, the number of negligence cases in the health facilities has increased tremendously. As a result, when physicians are given the ability to terminate the lives of patients suffering from painful and terminal diseases, they will not put any effort to prolong the lives of these people. Instead, they will just be administering lethal drugs to such patients in order to end their lives. Therefore, they will get an escape route, an aspect that will reduce their levels

Use of social networks for financial and performance reporting Research Paper

Use of social networks for financial and performance reporting - Research Paper Example This research analyses how the financial reporting and organizations performance have improved for the past few years because of increased use of social networking. Inescapabilty and popularity of the social network has largely created awareness and improved the relationship between the business and the stakeholders by introducing a new way in which financial information is disseminated and eventually consumed. Companies primarily use the social media to report their performances so that the information can reach larger audience who may be interested. Information that was previously released in news releases, conference calls and presentations are revealed through twitter because of its ability to swiftly and efficiently receive and share information from a trusted source. There are live tweets of companies’ earning call enabling shareholders who are physically absent during call to receive live information. According to Scott (2013), â€Å"Of Facebook’s nearly one billion strong users, approximately 200 million are mobile only.† On the other hand, YouTube, and Flickr may be utilized in providing videos regarding earning calls, do presentations thus engaging investors with the business financial reports as well as sharing information such as crucial business transactions that include merger and acquisition. It is worth noting that the social network has the ability to reach even remote communities thus enabling the company to operate in distant and remote places while raising awareness about them. There are many reasons justifying the use of social media in financial reporting and performance. Social media’s ability to reach a huge audience makes it the best communication channels for businesses compared to the conventional methods that are inaccessible to some people. According to Scott (2013), â€Å"Statistical research has revealed that more than 95 per cent of  Facebook users log into their account every day. The same number

Casing an Integral Part in Oil Drilling Assignment

Casing an Integral Part in Oil Drilling - Assignment Example Conductor casing does vary in diameters from 18’’ to 30’’ (Mid Continent, 2014). Freshwater zones are isolated from the well of oil by surface casting. This makes sure that the waters remain uncontaminated in the drilling and completion process. Such environmental issues have compelled some countries to put in place regulations governing cement quality as well as casting depth. A surface casting classic size is 18 5/8 inches. Intermediate casting helps minimize the hazards, which underground formations could pose to the well. It also prevents blowouts by supporting maintenance of hydrostatic pressure at the appropriate levels. Intermediate casing happens to the longest casting section found in a well. Liner strings at times can be used as an alternative to intermediate casting. They are less permanent compared to an intermediate casing and are used often for cost reduction (Mid Continent, 2014). The liner is hung right from the base of the prior casting interval and not from the surface, as a replacement for being cemented in place. Production casting is the final and it happens to be the deepest section of well casing. It does provide a channel for petroleum producing formation to the surface. Its size does depend on several considerations. For instance for a well expecting future deepening, production casing should wide enough for a drill bit to pass through. Well, a casing is done in sections (joints) of around 40 feet long and joined together in order to form long lengths known as casting strings (Rigzone, 2014). Every end of a casting joint does have male threads, which are under the protection of a thread protector, till the casings become ready for joining. A coupling or collar made of a cylindrical pipe that is short but longer slightly in diameter than the joints and has female threads connects the male joint ends (U.S. Department of Labor, 2014).  Ã‚  

Pepsi saudi Essay Example for Free

Pepsi saudi Essay The Saudi industrial projects company and (SIPCO) and the Saudi fruit juice and beverage industry (SFJBI) emerged as one operating entity in 2002, but prior to that, Pepsi Saudi had operated in the kingdom for many decades. The acquisition amount was not publicized and this writer does not have privilege to that information, however industry insiders lauded the acquisition as a significant milestone in the western region of the kingdom. The reasoning behind the merger was the continuing of production of superior product and better product to the customers. Pepsi Saudi has dominated the  soft drink industry in the kingdom for over 50 years , and it did not want that to change. After the merger Pepsi Saudi decided to adopt the Balanced Scorecard management system in order to help the organization to stay on top of the soft drink industry and provide better products to its customers. MISSION AND VISION: To manufacturing and distribute the best Pepsi coal beverage-beverages . To continue to offer the best carbonated soft drinks and non carbonated soft beverages under various labels label, including Pepsi, diet Pepsi, Pepsi lime, Mountain Dew, Sierra Mist, Aquafina,  7up, Dr Pepper. To maintain and expand customer base with the best possible products. (Organizational documents). In order to accomplish these goals Pepsi Saudi management opted to implement the BSC business approach, with emphasizes on the equalization of financial goals with customer satisfaction goals, and training and employee retention efforts. The management reasoned that with equal balance of those key objectives, the organization would be able to maintain and ultimately surpass its customer base, and also sustain its frontal position in the industry. The management concluded that if it were able to retain superior customer advantage and stay in front of their competition with superior products, it would eventually translate those to financial advantage. Presently the organization is feverishly pursuing the acquisition of new customers while it holds on to its core base. It has launched intensive ad campaigns featuring youth activities, and other popular events such as soccer, and ads with focus on young adults, weddings and intimate family programs. It has launched the popular Pepsi max, with men in min. it also launched  an entirely new look for the 7up. But most importantly, according to Zawya. com (March 29, 2006) Pepsi has elevated its market share to 70% in the UAE. And a significant majority of its 2,246 employees are reportedly in total support of the BSC management system. The entire organization is focused on the production of superior soft drinks, and the satisfaction of its customers as well as the retention of the employees who have helped it to come so far. The employees are competently trained in the BSC system, so cascading could only be an advantage, because of the determination of Pepsi  management to give the employees an efficient training in the BSC system. And the claim of 70% market share is an indication of the outstanding employee performance that has been evident following the implementation of the balance scorecard system. The organization takes its responsibilities to young people quite seriously. It has donated significant amounts of money to socially responsible youth events, and has contributed to health provisions and management in areas that needs the support in the kingdom and outside the kingdom.

Beauty In The Media Media Essay

Beauty In The Media Media Essay Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women-and their body parts-sell everything from food to cars. Sex has become the selling point of a product, rather than the value of the product or service itself. Everywhere a person turns womens bodies are being graphically used to sell products. Popular film and television actresses are younger, taller and thinner all the time. Quite often they have to starve themselves, and will faint from hunger simply to maintain the body image that seems to be required for a standard of beauty that was set by media. These are the women that young girls are taught to idolize and emulate. Magazines published specifically for women are bursting with articles advising that if a woman can lose those twenty pounds and buy the right makeup and clothing, theyll have everything-a perfect marriage, great sex, loving children, and of course a rewarding career; all it takes is fitting into a mold. Beauty is no longer in the eye of the beholder, it is a set standard that can only be achieved by living up to impossible standards. Women attempt to change their attitudes and appearances to conform to a standard that through years of seeing images in magazines and on television have become normalized to the point where, often unconsciously, they are accepted ideas, values, and standards; for women far more than for men looks are crucial and more defining and it is hard to achieve and maintain the image that media has defined as beautiful. These values of attractiveness are being imposed on women, most of whom are larger and more mature than the actress and models shown, because women allow it to be so. Women allow themselves to try to fit a mold, to live up to that impossible standard. They allow themselves to believe that to be beautiful they have to act raunchy, dress slutty, and be thin, tall, and wear makeup; anything else is not attractive. Men on the other hand do not believe this to be true; as David, a young man in Ariel Levys book Female Chauvinist pigs, points out What girls dont understand is guys always want girls. If every girl dressed casually, youd still like girls(Levy Page 151). Women exhaust themselves living up to a standard they feel must be met in order to be liked, to be loved, or even to be wanted when the simple truth is they would be anyway. If this is the truth, why is it women do exhaust themselves? Some psychologists say the reasons are rooted in economics. Industries that present ideals that are difficult to achieve and maintain, are assured of growth and profits. Meaning, it is not a coincidence that youth and a slim figure are promoted in ads and media. By viewing these images repeatedly there begins to be hegemony, and therefore mentally women believe they actually do need the products that will help them achieve their goals of living up to the ever raising standard. This makes the stakes huge. By showing images of young, thin women made up with beauty products it makes the average women insecure about their own body, and how the male counterpart views the body of an average woman. Women that are insecure concerning their bodies are far more likely to purchase beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. Research also indicates that constant exposure to images of young, thin, and often air-brushed female bodies is associated to loss of self-esteem, depression, and can lead to the development of unhealthy eating habits in young girls and women. The American research group Anorexia Nervosa Related Eating Disorders, Inc. reports that one out of every four college-aged women uses detrimental methods to control weight; including skipping meals, fasting, self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, and laxative abuse. The demands to be thin are also influencing young girls: statistics show that these extreme weight control measures are even being used by girls as young as five and six.   Many studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled Appearance Culture in Nine- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction, indicate that almost half of all preadolescent girls desire to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in some form of unhealthy weight lose. Overall; research suggests that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their body image in some way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne comes to the concl usion that, Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight. Americans live in a media culture and when that media shows women who they ought to be and it is fed to women in a constant loop of ads, television, and billboards it is increasingly hard to escape. Conceivably the most disturbing factor is the fact that these media images of female attractiveness are unattainable to all but an extremely small percentage of women. When we look at popular icons of beauty it is clear just how unrealistic the standard is. For example, researchers generated a computer reproduction of a woman with the proportions of a Barbie-doll discovered that her back would be too frail to bear the weight of her upper body, additionally her body would be much too narrow to have any more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A  real woman with those proportions would experience chronic diarrhea and ultimately die from malnutrition. Yet the number of real life women and young girls who seek a similarly underweight body has become an epidemic, and unfortunately they can suffer equally devastating consequences to their health. Sadly, even womens magazines have ten and one-half  times more advertisments and articles promoting weight loss, and showing super thin and gorgeous women than mens magazines do. Furthermore, over three-quarters of the covers of womens magazines incorporate at least one message about how to change a womans appearance to please a man-by diet, cosmetic surgery, beauty products, or exercise. These magazines which ideally would promote better self image, and encourage all body types actually help promote the insecurities that lead to women continuing a self destructive cycle. This image of beauty is seen everywhere. Television and movies also reinforce the significance of a skinny body as the measure of a womans worth. Most of the female characters in TV comedies are underweight, the characters that are above average in size, or even what the average woman would be, tend to be given negative comments from male characters as well as other female characters about their bodies; and often these negative comments are followed by audience laughter. Although women have come a long way and now have a greater knowledge of the body image that media force feeds the effect of the media still has a strong hold on mentality and the lengths women go to achieve the unattainable. Everywhere women look there are images of slim women wearing hardly anything at all with their hair and makeup completely done. One only has to go outside and look at the billboards, turn on a television, or open a newspaper or magazine to experience these types of images. In a recent Macys ad the cover shows the image of Santa Clause; the typical older gentleman dressed from head to toe, while a young, fiery redheaded Mrs. Clause (or perhaps Mistress Clause?) leans in to kiss dear old saint nick; who has a finger up to his lips to whisper silence. Ads like these promote that older men should be with younger women, that secret affairs are sexy, and that young pretty girls are objects of clandestine desires. Other ads do not even try to disguise the sexuality and blatantly flaunt it to the audience. In a recent Volvo ad the manufacture displays the interior of a car, highlighting the parking brake in full upright position; the caption reading We Are Just As Excited As You Are leading a woman viewer to think that she should be excited, and thankfully it is nothing to be ashamed of because the masculine image is also excited. Many advertisements go even further, an Italian coffee ad shows a couple nude, and heavily sexualized in a sea of coffee beans. Ariel Levy says women are not just accepting this supersexualised culture they are fuelling it (Levy), which seems to be the case when a simple look around produces women and young girls wearing next to nothing and women in ads wearing absolutely nothing at all by their own choice. This barrage of main stream media about tin bodies, dieting and a beauty standard tells ordinary women that they are forever in need of modification-and that the female body is merely an object to be perfected. Jean Kilbourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real womens bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize these stereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industrys standards. Women learn to compare themselves to other women, and to compete with them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate. Sex and beauty are tools to sell more products; the poor body image and low self esteem only help to further sell items to enhance appearances; and slowly this has become an acceptable practice. The way we talk and think about appearances could use a radical makeover.

How WW Jacobs Creates a Sense of Horror in The Monkey’s Paw Essays

Jacobs creates a sense of horror in ‘The Monkey’s Paw’ by using a variety of literary techniques. As ‘The Monkey's Paw’ was written in 1902, Jacobs makes the story scary in ways that are very different to modern horror films and books. We can tell that the story was written in the early twentieth century as it contains many details that would have been common in Victorian literature. One of the most obvious features from ‘The Monkey’s Paw’ that tells us that the story was written over a century ago, is the old-fashioned language that Jacobs uses. The language used throughout the story contains words such as ‘rubicund’ and ‘visage’, which are not words that are commonly used today. Also, the fact that  £200 was considered to be a lot of money shows that the story was from a long time ago as  £200 is not seen as a large amount of money in the modern world. Other aspects of the story also show that Ã¢â‚¬Ë œThe Monkey’s Paw’ was written in the Victorian time period - the fact that India was seen as a new, exotic and unexplored country tells us that the story must have been written in a time when transport wasn’t as easily available as it is today. In the story, when the Sergeant-Major tells the Whites about his exploration, they seem almost in awe of him as he is seen to be the bravest and most adventurous person that they have ever met because of his journey to India. The fact that Jacobs used a Sergeant-Major character is also another typical feature of Victorian literature. Finally, the household objects that the Whites use in ‘The Monkey’s Paw’ show that the story was not set in modern times. For example, the Whites use candles for light and heat their kettle on a fire as there was no electricity in Victorian times. As ‘The Monkey’s Paw... ...f seeing whether their wish has come true. I think that WW Jacobs is a very powerful and intelligent writer who has cleverly used every possible feature in the story of ‘The Monkey’s Paw’ to create a sense of horror. The literary techniques that he uses are very typical to those of most short stories written in Victorian times. Personally, I think that these techniques, such as the mystery of the unknown, are a great deal scarier and build up a much better sense of tension than present day horror stories. Modern horror films and books mainly use gore, wounds and blood to create the element of disgust that generates the most profit. However, I think that Jacobs cleverly uses subtle details and suggestion in ‘The Monkey’s Paw’ to develop a sense of terror throughout the story, and this is what creates a classic horror story that really plays with the reader’s mind.